铁路BIM 2030路线图项目

Rail BIM 2030路线图是由韩国铁路研究所，Yonsei大学和韩国铁路网络管理局合作开发的。它解释了从2018年到2030年的建筑信息建模（BIM）采用和扩散策略的五个阶段^th工业时代（“工业4.0”）。我们询问了韩国首尔Yonsei大学建筑和建筑工程系的建筑信息集团（BIG）主任Ghang Lee教授，为了了解有关该项目的更多信息。

您能简要解释Rail BIM 2030路线图的背景吗？

韩国铁路网络管理局（KR）是一家政府机构，负责监督和管理整个铁路生命周期，包括高速，常规和城市铁路基础设施。考虑到韩国的第一个大型公共BIM项目成立于2008年，KR相对较早地采用了BIM。KR于2009年进行了第一个BIM项目，并在2018年之前进行了八个项目。但是，KR中的人不知道这些BIM项目，因为它们是在项目级别而不是公司级别进行的。通过蒸发的项目获得的知识和经验是因为它们以不协调的方式完成，没有良好的路线图和策略。

该项目的当前状态是什么？

To overcome this problem, Yonsei University was asked to develop the Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap for KR in association with the Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI) as part of the Rail BIM project funded by the Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport of Korea (MoLIT). The main difference between previous roadmaps and the Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap is that the Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap categorizes the BIM phase by how BIM is utilized, whereas the other BIM roadmaps categorized each phase by the size of a project (such as floor area or project cost), submissions (CAD drawings versus IFC models, COBie files) and so on. The Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap is based on the BIM Utilization Level (BUL) model, which was developed following studies of BIM lasting more than ten years. When we developed the roadmap, two of the critical questions were how to tell whether KR has reached the next level, and how to conduct a project to enable us to accumulate ever-more knowledge about BIM and subsequently share it. The last two sections of the Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap address these questions. The final version of the roadmap was released in August 2018 in English and Korean and is free to download.

会计数据在您的BIM策略中有多重要？

Cadastral data is an essential part of any railway project. If a planner, designer or contractor fails to coordinate a railway design with existing cadastral maps, the project will not only be delayed but will also face critical over-budget issues. Thanks to ‘BIM on GIS’ technologies, a BIM model of rail infrastructures can be overlaid onto a GIS model to check potential spatial clashes and constructability issues as well as civil complaints in the early phase of a project. Unsurprisingly, BIM-GIS integration is one of the goals of phase 1.0 of the Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap.

3D visualization plays a major role in the project. Can you give us some examples?

使用BIM的基本和核心方式是公开听证和设计协调。通过在大屏幕上显示BIM模型或使用虚拟现实或增强现实技术，在会议和公开听证会中使用3D可视化的规范正在成为规范。这些3D可视化技术也经常在项目的展览馆中使用，以帮助人们更好地理解该项目，并最终减少社会成本和巨大的经济负担，这可能会在较晚的项目中发生。

完成Rail BIM 2030路线图还涉及哪些其他技术？

在BIM项目中，通过反映现场进行的任何更改来更新BIM模型至关重要。这通常称为“站点模型同步”。如果BIM模型没有反映实际的现场条件，则所有协调会议将变得毫无意义。3D扫描（例如激光扫描或摄影测量法）通常用于捕获现场条件，并且无人机通常用于覆盖大面积或高面积。此外，越来越多地使用基于云的BIM工具和存储库来同步由多个项目参与者创建和管理的BIM模型。如今，我们看到建筑行业采用了越来越多的制造技术和管理技术，例如异地建筑和精益建筑。在建筑中使用机器人技术，大数据和人工智能的努力越来越多，但是这些尚未变得司空见惯。Rail BIM 2030路线图旨在到2030年代达到这个阶段。

进一步的阅读

http://big.yonse.ac.kr/railbim/

关于Ghang Lee教授

Professor Ghang Lee is director of the Building Informatics Group (BIG) at the Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Korea. His main interests include building information modelling (BIM), requirements engineering, interoperability and construction automation. He has published over 200 works, includingThe BIM Handbook(3^rdedition).