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空间数据和技术对构建智能国家的作用

Leveraging and Scaling the Smart Cities Paradigm

在过去几年的几十年中,世界各地的许多城市都采用了新的创新技术,以帮助他们解决21个最根本的挑战英石世纪。More and more cities are becoming what is often referred to as 'smarter', by utilizing a wide range of emerging technologies that collect, analyse, monitor and communicate information to enable the efficient delivery of essential services, improve people’s quality of life, and allow a more effective city governance.

Recognizing the potential of integrated technologies to improve governance efficiency, social and human capital and people's well-being, nations are now also aiming to become 'smarter'. In 2014, Singapore announced that it will become the first smart nation that connects “一切和各地的一切都是[1]为了 ”support better living, create more opportunities, and support stronger communities for people to live, work and play in…“。国家越来越了解综合和破坏性技术的潜力,以支持经济增长,效率和生产力,提高其公民的生活质量。

地理空间数据和空间意识技术是智能国家的关键。国家的几乎各个方面都有一个空间组成部分,从运输网络,公用事业线和关键基础设施到地籍记录,陆地覆盖和土地利用以及暴露风险和危险。监控和理解我们不断变化的自然和人类景观需要持续收集,存储,加工,集成,综合和传播大(地理)数据。这有效地已经完成了。地面和远程传感器不断衡量和收集气候和环境数据,例如水,空气和土壤的质量;手机和GPS设备收集人们的移动数据;摄像机不断监控关键基础设施的功能;卫星船上的传感器,airborneand UAVs capture almost every location in a nation, monitoring economic activity and agriculture land productivity; stream gauges help track the impacts of floods on vulnerable populations; while志愿的地理信息不断收集并由志愿者提供贡献,补充(或更换)传统数据来源。利用这种不同数据的恒定流动,同时确保与隐私和安全性有关的所有方面,透明度和信息可访问性提出了技术挑战,但有助于帮助使国家更加可持续,竞争和高效的智能交流,最终提高生计的智能交流人们。

新加坡通常被称为聪明国家的领先例子。

这样的技术可以帮助,例如,将远程和孤立社区的可达性提高到金融机构,保健和福利服务,改善对教育的可行性,提高公共交通的有效性以及公用事业线和关键基础设施的功能。如果正确使用(和安全),智能技术最终可以改善公民的福祉。

重要的是,应在2030年可持续发展议程的上下文中观察智能国家的概念,这反映了所有国家的紧急呼吁所有国家 - 发达和发展 - 在人民和地球的和平与繁荣的全球伙伴关系中,现在和将来。在SDG的核心是指导原则“结束贫困和其他剥夺“。经过becoming 'smarter' in integrating this vast amount of geospatial data, nations will be able to understand, monitor and achieve the 2030 SDGs. New possibilities emerge for harnessing this data to achieve a better understanding of our changing world, to improve decision-making, guide policy, deliver services, and promote a more informed governance that will provide the framework to drive sustainable policies and programmes in close to real time.

But still, the road towards becoming a 'smart world' is also challenging, and as suggested by贸发会议秘书长Mukhisa Kituyi,数字鸿沟的风险很大,进一步扩大,并以发展中国家为自己的发展提供服务,技术和创新的能力。聪明国家必须在前面放置人类和社会资本,确保平等和包容,透明度,安全和隐私。

[1]Seng, C. E. (2016, June). Singapore's smart nation program—Enablers and challenges. In 2016 11系统工程会议系统(SOSE)(第1-5页)。IEEE.

进一步阅读

Batty, Michael. (2016). Big Data and the City. Built Environment. 42. 321-337(17). 10.2148/benv.42.3.321.

戈德布拉特,r。(2018)。Artificial Intelligence for Smart Cities and Sustainable Urban System。188金宝搏特邀Gim International.。

Pitts, R. K. (2013) Geospatial Data Integration Challenges & Considerations.Sensors and Systems, 2013年11月。

UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals

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